Nigeria Reflects on 66 Years of Political Challenges

On October 1, 1960, Nigeria gained sovereignty, and 66 years later, the nation has survived various crises, including wars, coups, and economic downturns. The current focus is on whether Nigeria can transform its survival into meaningful progress.

Despite its vast resources, youthful population, and entrepreneurial spirit, millions face poverty, insecurity, and inadequate infrastructure. The anniversary should prompt a critical examination of Nigeria's journey, including what was inherited and what must change for future generations.

The First Republic, led by Prime Minister Sir Abubakar Tafawa Balewa and Governor-General Dr Nnamdi Azikiwe, struggled with regional and ethnic political competition, leading to military coups and civil war. The military era produced varied legacies, with leaders like Yakubu Gowon, Murtala Muhammed, and Olusegun Obasanjo shaping Nigeria's political landscape.

The enduring lesson is that weak institutions can turn elections into existential contests, complicating governance.